Drilling machine which is also known as drill press is a cutting process that uses drill bit of various sizes to cut a hole of circular-section in solid materials like metal, plastic, wood, rocks etc.
The drill bit as the cutting tool rotates, often multi-point. This drill which rotates from hundreds to thousands of revolutions per minutes is pressed against the work-piece with force. The force applied causes the cutting edge to cut off chips from the workpiece.
Today we’ll be looking deep into drilling machine types, operations, maintenance, advantages and disadvantages etc.
Contents
Applications
Drilling machines are available in different shapes and sizes, varying from small hand-held power drills to bench mounted and finally floor-mounted versions. They are used to carry out operations such as countersinking, counterboring, reaming, spot facing, as well as tapping large and small holes. Due to the fact that drilling machine can perform the operations, principles and drill bits in achieving them totally varies.
applications of drilling machine with the use of drill bit with sharp cutting edges are used to achieve various hole sizes on operations mentioned above. The operator must know how to set up the work, set speed and feed, as well as coolant to obtain a quality hole.
Safety and Maintenance
One of the major maintenance of a drilling machine is by lubricating in between the drill bit and workpiece while working. This helps to dissolve heat and friction generated by the moving parts. Some manufacturer offer manual for proper lubricating methods and cleaning method.
The drilling machine is expected to the clean after use and clears the chips to avoid damage to the moving parts. Ensure spindles and sleeves are free from grit to avoid damaging the precision fit. To prevent rust on the machine parts especially the bed, the oil should be lightly coated on their surfaces.
Drilling larger holes require some special care to avoid injuries to the operator. The part should hold one vice or join with other metal parts that will stop workpiece from moving. It should be operating at slow speeds to avoid rapid abrasive wear on the moving parts. Lubrication should also be added more often.
When the machine is at extreme cold conditions, the machine should work at a slow speed. Allow the parts and lubricants to warm up before increasing the speed.
Safety precaution to be taken in drilling operation as it involves power equipment. It must be considered to prevent damage to the equipment, operator and people nearby. To avoid this, serious care must be taken maintaining and setting up the work and proper working tools should be selected. The holding device should also be in good condition to avoid damages.
Read: Power feed and hand-feed drilling machine
Component of drilling machine
the following stated below are the component of the drilling machine;
- Base
- Column
- Upper arm
- Worktable
- Drill head
- Feed mechanism
- Spindle
- Chuck
- Electric motor
- Pulley
Drilling Machine Operations
The following listed below are operations that are performed on drilling machine
- Plane drilling operation
- Core drilling operation
- Step drilling operation
- Boring operation
- Counter boring operation
- Reaming operation
- Countersinking operation
- Spot facing operation
- Tapping operation
- Trepanning operation
Drilling machine types
The followings are the different types of drilling machine used in manufacturing world;
- Portable Drilling Machine
- Sensitive Drilling Machines
- Upright Drilling Machine
- Radial Drilling Machine
- Gang Drilling Machine
- Multiple Spindle Drilling Machines
- Deep Mole Drilling Machine
Advantages and disadvantages of drilling machine
The benefits and limitations of the drilling machine may vary according to the types and their application. But the general benefit occurs in their end product.
Drilling machines help to mark on the end of components of dresses especially for setting packet, dart etc. and it can make the hole permanently for long. While the limitation is the limited use of the machine.
Other advantages and disadvantages will be explained under different types.
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