Drilling bits or tools are required for drilling machines to make holes in materials. These tools are end-cutting tools designed for producing holes in a workpiece. The machine is said to apply in different fields and to various materials such as wood, metal, and rock.
Drilling tools vary widely as they are designed to accommodate the properties of the workpiece along with the radious and depth of the desired hole.
This has shown the fact that different construction companies make use of drilling machines. They are made of various types, making them suitable for specific operations. Drilling tools are used to achieve different operations and there are other types of drill bits for different holes. Learn about types of drilling here!
Let’s dive in to discuss the types of drilling tools and drill bits!
Contents
What is a Drill Bit?
A drill bit is a drilling tool that is used to make holes when attached to a drilling machine. They are designed to have a circular cross-section and sharp cutting points that enable them to make holes in a workpiece.
Drill bits or drilling tools are available in various sizes and shapes and are used to from different types of holes in materials. Each drill bit has it own unique tip, but, they have the same parts with little or no difference.
The various components of a drill bit are body, point, shank, tang, flutes, land, body clearance, neck, and web.
Diagram of a Drill Bit
Drilling Tools and Drilling Bits
The various drilling tools are flat or spade drills, straight-fluted drills tools, twist drills tools, taper shank core drills, oil tube drills, and center drills.
Twist Drill Tools
These drilling tools are the most common and are frequently used today. They are created using steel that was twisted and then honing the surface. The modern ones are made by machining two spiral flutes that run longitudinally around the body of the drill.
Parallel shank, parallel stub shank, parallel long shank, and taper shank are the four classification of a twist drill.
Flat or Spade Drill
A flat or spade drill is often put to use when a twist drill is not available. It is a forged circular tool steel with a cutting edge that ranges from 90 to 120 degrees with a relief at the front ranging from 3 to 8 degrees.
Straight Fluted Drill
The straight fluted drilling tool is often used when drilling brass as it drills perfectly. It is used because it does not advance more quickly than the recommended feed like that of twist drill.
The drilling tool have flute or groove that are perpendicular to the drill axis and it is often used to drill softer material like copper and brass.
Taper Shank Core Drill
The drilling tools are designed to enlarge existing holes, that is punched, drilled, or cored. Taper shank core drill cannot create hole on solid substance due to the cutting edge that are machined at the center of the drill.
The metal or material is removed with the chamfered edge at the tip of each flute. These drill tools produce better finished holes than that of two-fluted drills. They are sometimes used to create a hole that is half the needed size with three or four fluted drill to complete the drills.
Oil Tube Drill
The oil tube drill is the process where earth drilling machine are used to bored oil tubes from the earth surface to form an oil well. The drilling tools are only used for the purpose.
Centre Drill
The center drill are used to drill center holes into the end of a workpiece. It is a twist drills with a striaght shank and two flutes are used. They drill the holes in precise dimensions.
Titanium Nitride Drill Bits
These kinds of drill bits are coated with titanium nitride. They are hard, fast, and are suitable for drilling soft and hard materials. They are suitable in wide industrial applications due to their properties. However, the cutting edge cannot be restored when it wear off, unless the coating is reapplied.
Titanium Carbonitride Drill Bits
The types is similar to that of nitride drill bit, but they are slippery with a characteristic of blue or purple color. Although they have superior hardness, which is why they specialize for drilling hard materials.
Titanium Aluminum Nitride Drill Bits
These kinds of drill bits are suitable for drilling stainless steel, steel, and materials of high temperature due to their high stability.
Black Oxide Drill Bits
The black oxide drill bits make use of inexpensive coating on high-speed steel, making them heat-resistance, fractionless, rust, and corrosion-resistan. They are suitable for drilling PVC, steel, maple, nylon, etc. and they are known are the best general-purpose drill bits.
Diamond Drill Bits
Diamond drill bits are the hardest kinds of drilling tools becuase they are coated in diamonds. They are suitable for drilling hard material such as metals or rock. Due to their high accuracy, they are suitable for material such as glass, sea glass, etc.
Step Drill Bit
These kinds of drill bits are custom made, having a conical shape and a running flute that can be straight or angled. This flute help remove the chips from the drilling surfaces. Step drill bits are suitable for drilling soft materials like aluminum and they are vary expensive because they are custom made.
Unibits
The unitbits are similar to step drill bit but have a straight running flute. They are used in hole enlarging and the flute help remove the chips during drilling. They are often used in sheet metal fabrication and drilling soft materials like plywood.
Hole Saw Drill Bit
These kinds of drill bits with short open cylinders with saw teeth on the edge. They are used in drilling through thin materials such as wood and sheet metals.
Learn about the components of a drilling machine here!
That is all for this article, where I explained the various drilling tools, drilling bits and their functions. I hope it was helpful, if so, kindly share with others. Thanks for reading, see you around!
