Different Types of forging tools and equipment

Using appropriate forging tools and equipment leads to perfect forge work. This forge is sometimes called hearth because it uses hearth as a source of heating metal for easy deformation. Modern forging equipment is highly automated, made of high-tech machinery, and has made life easier for blacksmiths.

Read more:  Different Types of forging tools and Equipment

Types of Forging Tools

The types of forging tools include anvil, chisel, tong, fuller, hammer, press, die, flatter, punch and drift, swage, swage block, clamping vice, and hearth.

Furnace or hearth:

These forging tools are used by blacksmiths for heating metal pieces. They usually consist of four legs, a cast iron or steel body, an iron bottom, a chimney, and a blower.

Read more: Different types of forging defects, Causes, and their remedies

Anvil:

Anvils are types of forging tools that serve as a workbench for blacksmiths. It is a large slab of metal usually made of steel. It is used to perform different operations like flatting metal surfaces and obtaining shapes with the use of the hammer. Some anvil contains hardy holes and punches holes. The hardy hole serves as a square shank for the hardy and the punch hole provides clearance for the punching hole in the metal.

Chisel:

chisel is used for cutting and chipping out metal. It is made of high petroleum steel with an octagonal cross-section with a tapered cutting edge on one end. Chisel used in forging is of two types, Hot and cold chisel. A hot chisel is used for hot forging and a cold chisel is used for cold forging.

Tong:

These types of forging tools are used in transporting the heated metal to the anvil. Tongs are available in different types and designs to provide adequate gripping of different metal shapes and sizes.

Fuller:

fuller helps to create grooves or indentions in the forging process. It is also used to stretch the metal. Fuller works in pears, by placing one beneath the metal, and the other on top. This allows the indentation of both sides of the metal to occur simultaneously.

Read more: Understanding Forging Process

Hammer:

Hammers are types of forging tools used in several ways, based on the type of forging needed to be performed, such as hot forging, cold forging, closed die forging, upset forging, press forging, etc. The hammer serves as a forging tool used in achieving shapes on workpieces. It is used as a striking tool and can be classified as, a drop hammer and power hammer.

• Drop hammer: heavy ram is falling onto the metal by gravity. It is used by the smith’s hand power.

Power hammer: the power source is from hydraulics, compressed air, or electricity in driving the hammer. It is used when a large quantity of jobs is needed. The power works by placing the workpiece on its anvil, level is used in controlling the heavy ram to fall on the workpiece.

Tong:

These types of forging tools are used for holding and turning hot metals. Tongs are available in different types and sizes. They are classified based on the grip of the tongs.

Read more: Different types of forging operations

Punch and drift:

These types of forging tools are made of high-carbon steel which helps in making hot holes on hot metal pieces. This forging tool is available in different sizes and has a common shape. Drift is a large size of punch used in enlarging holes.

Flatter:

this forging tool is used to flatten the surface of the workpiece. It consists of a plane face joined with a straight shank. Flatters materials are high-carbon steel.

Swage:

Swage is a forging tool type that gives various shapes to the workpiece. It is also made of high-carbon steel.

Swage block:

this forging equipment is made of cast iron or cast steel rectangular block, having several holes in it. The holes are made of different sizes and shapes.

Read more: Difference between Forging and Casting

Set hammer:

set hammer is a forging tool used for making surface planes, forming and making corners. This forging tool has similar shapes with flatter. It is made of tool steel. The workpiece must be placed on an anvil before a set hammer can be used.

Clamping vice:

this forging equipment is used in holding workpieces in the smithy show. It consists of two jaws, a spring, and a flat bottom. The workpieces are clamped between two jaws and tightened to hold them strongly.

Bick iron:

this forging equipment is made of tool steel and it is hardened. It has a tapered tail at one side and the other portion is similar to the horn of an anvil. This forging equipment can also work on an anvil due to its taper shank.

Read more: Difference between Forging and Casting

Press:

this forging equipment uses excessive pressure to fold metal into the desired shape. This forging equipment can forge the entire product at once. Presses are available in two types, mechanical and hydraulic press forging.

Mechanical press forging: this is a mechanical device, equip with a motor, crank, flywheel, etc. which easily forces the ram against the metal. This forging equipment is not suitable for large or complex items, but it is useful when simple shaping effects are required.

Hydraulic press forging: the operation is performed by high-pressure fluid propelled by hydraulic pumps in order to force ram against the metal. This forging equipment provides force while forging an item. It is used and preferred when a large or complex item is needed to be forged.

Forging dies:

this forging equipment is required to properly mold metal. It serves as a mold into which malleable metals are pressed. The dies are important in all forging projects; it is used for large production and complex job. Dies are available in two types: open die and closed die.

Open die: open die does not completely encase the metal, providing free flow everywhere except the metal meets the die.

Closed die: closed die completely encased the metal when hammered or pressed against the metal.

Read more: 4 common types of metal casting processes

That is all for this post, where the various types of forging tools and equipment are explained. I hope you get a lot from this article, if so, kindly share it with other students. Thanks for reading, see you next time!