A welding joint is a point or edge at which two or more metals are joined. There are different types of joints in the fabrication world, they are performed on special types of operation. Workpieces are joined with the aid of welding to provide strong joints in order to withstand stresses applied to the item during service.
The American Welding Society (AWS) has exposed the basic five types of welding joints. These joints include Butt, Corner, Lap, Tee, and Edge joints.
The followings explained below are the basic welding joints and their types:
1. Butt Joint: butt joint is the simplest joint among the rest, which is formed by placing the ends of two parts together. These two parts are lying on the same plane or side by size. Butt weld is of different types, which include:
- Square Butt weld
- Bevel groove weld
- V-groove weld
- J-groove weld
- U-groove weld
- Flare-V-groove weld
- Flare-bevel-groove butt weld
2. Corner joints: these types of welding joints form the shape of L with the materials to be welded. The joint is obtained by placing the corner of two parts at a right angle. Corner joints also are of different types, they include:
- Fillet weld
- Spot weld
- Square-groove weld or butt weld
- V-groove weld
- Bevel-groove weld
- U-groove weld
- J-groove weld
- Flare-V-groove weld
- Edge weld
- Corner-flange
3. T-joints: t joints are named after the shape of the weld showing the latter T as one of the parts lies at the center of the other. They are formed by intersecting two parts at a right angle i.e. at 90 degrees. T-joint also is of different types. it includes
- Fillet weld
- Plug weld
- Slot weld
- Bevel-groove weld
- J-groove weld
- Flare-bevel groove
- Melt-through weld
4. Lap joints: these types of welding joints are mostly to join parts with different thicknesses. Lap joints are formed when one part is placed over another. They are one-sided or double-sided. They also come in different weld types.
- Fillet weld
- Bevel-groove weld
- J-groove weld
- Plug weld
- Slot weld
- Spot weld
- Flare-bevel-groove
Read more: Understanding plasma arc welding (PAW)
5. Edge joints: these joints are used where the edges of two sheets are to be joined at adjacent and approximately parallel planes at the point. They are formed by welding the edges to two parts together, as the weld does not penetrate completely into the joint thickness. Because of this, they cannot be used in stress and pressure application.
- Square-groove weld or butt weld
- Bevel-groove weld
- V-groove weld
- J-groove weld
- U-groove weld
- Edge-flange weld
- Corner-flange weld
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