Working principles of arc welding process

Today I’ll be discussing on the working principles of electric arc welding. previously. Some articles were published on arc welding process. check below:

• Different types of electric arc welding process
• Safety precautions in arc welding operation
• What is electric arc welding, its applications, advantages and disadvantages?

Working principles of arc welding

Electric arc welding need to be set and prepare before you know how it works. The welder should be well dressed and the equipment should be arranged. Two cables are from AC or DC power source, one of it is fixed to the electrode holder. The other cable serves as earth, which transfer current back to the welding machine. The type of welding determines the electrode types to be either consumable or non-consumable electrode type. The adjustment of power supply to the arc will be determined by the thickness of the case metal. The arc from AC or DC power supply create an intense heat of around 6500-degree Fahrenheit, melting the metals between their joining spot. Remember the earth cable is placed in any part of the base metal but in such a way it touches both metals. The electrode carrying current is spark to the base metal at first, before it is placed closely to the workpiece. This is done at a close distance to produce the arc. At this point, the arc obtain produces intense heat, which melts the work below the arc and form a weld pool. In some cases where greater joint strength or a workpiece need to be fill, filler material may be required. It is added to the weld pool if needed.

The metal reacts chemically to oxygen and nitrogen in air when exposed to the arc heat of high temperature. It produces a protecting shielding gas or slag, helping to minimize the contact of molten metal with air. The weld forms when it cooled, producing a metallurgical bond.

Also check:

• What is investment casting process, its applications and advantages?
• What is die casting? – its advantages and disadvantages
• What is evaporative pattern casting, its applications and adavantages

Watch video on how arc welding works:

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